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Abstract

The current study deals with the impact of water deficit and drought on the area confined between the governorates of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Muthanna, and Dhi Qar, where the natural characteristics of the study area were studied, as well as the study of the climatic water budget and the elements influencing it and calculating it by calculating the possible evaporation/transpiration according to the Ivanov equation and calculating the effective rain according to the Lange equation. By collecting monthly and annual climate data for three climate stations (Diwaniyah, Samawah, and Nasiriyah) from the General Authority for Meteorology and Seismic Monitoring in Baghdad for the period (2011-2023), It was found that the study area suffers from a large water deficit for most months of the year due to high temperatures, lack of rain, its fluctuations, low relative humidity values, and high evaporation rates. The impact of the water deficit and drought was clearly reflected in the study area, as it contributed to the exacerbation of the phenomenon of desertification, erosion activity, and wind winnowing. There are sand dunes and little vegetation.

Keywords

Water Budget, Water Deficit, Ivanov, Lange

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